. Balance of trade
. Recent trades in India's trade
. Volume, composition and direction of India's exports
. Measures/ steps to boost India's exports

. Barriers and factors affecting world trade
. Regional economic grouping - EU, LAFTA, ASEAN, NAFTA, APEC, SAFTA (SAARC) etc.
. UNCTAD & trade point programme
. GATT & WTO

. Market segmentation / targeting & positioning
. Identifying foreign markets
. Sources of information and importance of data
. Overseas marketing research: methods & importance
. Market entry strategic

. Product planning for exports
. Consumer buying behavior
. Channels of distribution
. Promotion of products in global market

. Institutions involved in export promotion:
. DGFT, FIEO RBI, CUSTOMS, ITPO, EXIM BANK, ECGC, EPCs commercial banks, commodity boards, canalizing agencies and chambers
  of commerce

• Cost concepts - marginal, fixed, total and relevance of variable cost of exports.
• Drawback, DEPB, concessional custom tariff, terminal excise duties, sales tax, octroi etc.
• Income tax benefits, deemed export
• Incoterms - Ex - works / FOB / CFR / CIFC
• Cost sheet for exports (elements) freight calculation / insurance premia calculation.
• Terms of payment - advance payment, documents against acceptance, letter of credit.
• Examples of working out quotations taking all incentives, including profit margin / overseas commission.

• Preshipment finance, packing credit, post shipment credit / discounting of documents, interest rate structure.
• Full convertibility
• Financial institution - commercial banks, Exim banks
• Exchange rate mechanism - role played by RBI and commercial banks forward exchange cover

• Foreign exchange regulations & liberalization.
• FEMA relating to export and import
• Foreign exchange dealers association.

• How to set up export companies - IEC numbers / Exports profile, identify card, EDI no., RCMC of export promotion councils, commodity boards - FIEO.
• Export sales contract - terms / conditions
• Terms of shipments
• Processing of an export order
• Documentation: proforma invoice, commercial invoices and its attestation packing list, inspection certificate, certificate of origin, GSP certificate,

  shipping bills, ARE -1 forms, mate receipts, GR form or SDF, marine insurance policy, ECGC policy, bill of Exchange, and bank certificate for Export,
  B/L & AWB, and special consular invoice.
• Preshipment inspection formalities, inspection agencies, compulsory inspection control act 1963.
• Custom clearness of export - cargo - factory stuffing.
• Contents of L/C, types of L/C, scrutiny of L /C.
• Preparation and submission of documents to exporters bank for negotiation.
• Shipment through couriers

. Organizing of shipping for cargo
. Different mode of operation of shipping.
. Conference systems and practice.
. Role of freight for warders, steamer / Ship's agent, shipping agent.
. Containerisation - identification / FCL / LCL / container freight station (CFS) / inland container depot (ICD) multinational transport systems (MMTS).
. Cargo consolidation.
. Freight rate structure / calculation of fright / type of freight
. Chartering practices
. Transportation documents : Bills of lading, AWB
. development in electronic information technology in the field of multimodal transport
   o Electronic data interchange (EDI)
   o Bills of loading electronic registry organization (Bolero) project vessel traffic management systems (VTMS)

. Introduction need and importance
. Basic principals of insurance as applicable to cargo insurance.
. Institute cargo clauses, inland transit clauses.
. Premium, components, RBI, regulations
. Claims - procedure, documentation, Time limits

. Importance and Need of Import
. Government's Objectives under the Import Policy.
. Structure of Import Policy.
. Import Tariff Structure.
. Sourcing the Supply.
. ITC (HS) Classification of Export & Import.
. Procedure for Clearing Import Cargo.
  o Preparation for Bill of Entry.
  o Valuation & Assessment of Customs Duty.
  o Exemption Benefits.
  o Anti-Dumping Duty, Counter Vailling Duty (CVD) etc.
. Imports against different schemes.
  o Duty Exemption Scheme (Advance License).
  o Duty Free Replenishment Certificate.
  o Export Promotion Goods Scheme (EPCG Scheme).
. Payments of Customs Duty by cash & utilization of DEPB.
. Import of
  o Technology.
  o Sample / Baggage Services.
. Import through Courier Services.

• Central - Excise Act - 1974 Main relating to imports & exports.
• Packing Sealing of Goods for Exports
• Factory Stuffing / Warehouse Stuffing of Cargo for Exports, Supervision and Sealing of Containers.
• Cenvat Credit with Reference to Imports & Exports.
• Clearance of goods under bond / under claim for rebate.
• Execution of B-1 bond for Exports and Form C.T.I.

. Preamble
  o Legal framework.
  o Special Focus initiatives
  o Board of Trade.
. General Provisions Regarding Imports and Exports.
. Promotional Measures.
. Duty Exemption / Remission Scheme
. Export Promotion Capital Goods Scheme.
. Export oriented Units (EOUS), Electronics Hardware Technology Parks (EHTPs) Software Technology Parks (STPs) and Bio-Technology Parks (BTPs).
. Special Economic Zones.
. Deemed Exports.
. Definition.
. Miscellaneous Matters.

The Paper on Case Studies is an integral part of the course. In the question paper certain situations will be given to the student on the following subjects:

. Dealing with buyers
. Exchange control regulation
. Costing and finance
. Sampling
. Communication
. International trade
. Competition from abroad
. Import
. Shipping and insurance
. Buyer's objective and complaints
. Foreign trade policy